International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research

Cost of Goods Produced: Medium Scale and Household Scale Tempe Chips Agroindustry in City of Jambi-Indonesia

Endy Effran — 2024-12-20

This research aims to 1) Describe the profile and overview of the Ilham and Slawi Ayu Tempe Chips Agroindustry activities in Jambi City. 2) Calculate and also analyze the amount of cost of production of tempe chips using the Full Costing method and costing variables in the Tempe Chips Agroindustry in Jambi City. 3) Analyze the comparison of the cost of production obtained by the Tempe Chips Agroindustry in Jambi City using the Full Costing method and costing variables. The data used are primary and secondary data. The data was analyzed again in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study show that 1) Ilham agroindustry is one of the medium-scale agroindustries in Jambi City which has an average tempe production capacity of 197.7Kg/production. Slawi Ayu Agroindustry is one of the household-scale agroindustries in Jambi City which has an average tempe production capacity of 35.04 Kg/production. 2) The cost of production of medium-scale agro-industrial tempe chips is Rp. 11,274/300 grams and household-scale agro-industry Rp. 15,804/300 grams. The calculation of the Full Costing method in the medium-scale agro-industry is Rp. 11,610 and in the household-scale agro-industry is Rp. 16,897.7. Meanwhile, according to the accounting theory, the Costing Variable in the medium-scale agroindustry is Rp. 10,340 and the household-scale agroindustry is Rp. 15,289. 3) based on the results of the comparison of the cost of production, it is known that there is a significant difference between the cost of production in the medium-scale agro-industry and the household-scale agroindustry, where the medium-scale agroindustry, namely Ilham, has a cheaper cost of production compared to the Slawi Ayu agroindustry.

Comparative Gender Differences in Profitability and Technical Efficiency of Rice Production among Smallholder Farmers in North Central Nigeria

OGABA James Rapheal — 2024-12-19

This study analyzed comparative gender differences in profitability and technical efficiency of rice production among smallholder rice farmers in the North Central Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed. Data were collected through the use of well-structured questionnaires from 1200 male smallholder rice farmers and also 1200 female sampled small scale rice farmers making a total of 2400 rice farmers. The following statistical and econometrics tools were used to achieve the specific objectives; descriptive statistics, budgetary technique, stochastic production frontier. The results show that the average age of the sampled male rice farmers was 37 years, while female rice farmers was 48 years. About 63.2% of the male farmers had formal education and also about 79.6% of the female farmers also had formal education. The results further show that rice production was profitable for both male and female small-scale rice farmers. The estimated mean value of technical efficiency attained by small scale male farmers was 85.3%, while female rice farmers was 62.7. The statistically significant factors influencing rice production for male small-scale farmers were: land size (P<0.01), labour (P<0.05), rice seed (P<0.05), fertilizer (P<0.01) and agrochemical (P<0.01), while the statistically significant factors influencing rice production for female rice farmers were: land size P<0.01, labour (P<0.01) rice seed (P<0.01) and agrochemical (P<0.05). The statistically significant factors influencing technical inefficiency of the male rice farmers were education (P<0.1), age (P<0.1), land size (P<0.05), experience (P<0.01), household size (P<0.05) extension contact (P<0.1) and cooperatives (P<0.01). The statistically significant factors influencing technical inefficiency for female farmers were: education (P<0.10), land size (P<0.05), experience (P<0.05), household size (P<0.05) and cooperatives (P<0.1). The major constraints faced by male small scale rice farmers were: poor access to credit facilities, shortage of farm input, poor soil fertility, inadequate rainfall, and high cost of farm input. The female small scale rice farmers were also faced with the following constraints: poor soil fertility, problems of land ownership/discrimination, poor credit facility, high cost of labour, inadequate rainfall. Therefore, this study recommends that: Farm inputs like improved seed varieties, fertilizer inputs and agro-chemical inputs should be provided to both male and female smallholder rice farmers by Nigerian government and Non-Governmental Organizations at affordable rate and at curate timely, extension n services should also be made available to small-scale rice farmers on the modern rice Production, male and female farmers should be encouraged to participate in cooperative societies so as to access loan to be able to use technologies in rice production which will further increase their production capacity that might lead into increase in income, improve their livelihood and food security

Effects of Weed Control Treatments on Boro rice and Associated Weeds

Md. Akib Ali — 2024-12-18

A study was conducted to examine how different rice varieties and weed management strategies impact the yield of Boro rice. The trail included two varieties viz. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29, and seven different weeding methods: no weeding, one hand weeding (HW) at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), two HW at 15 and 35 DAT, three HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT, application of superhit 58 SL @ 0.2% (pre-emergence), application of livina 18 WP @1.5 g/L water (post-emergence) and rice residues 3 t ha^-1. The study was structured using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated thrice. The findings exposed that ten families were represented by fifteen weed species that infested the experimental plots. Density and dry weight of weed was not notably affected by rice varieties. At 35 and 55 DAT, three HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT produced the lowest weed density (0.83 m^-2), (1.16 m^-2) and weed dry weight (0.19 g), (0.33 g). In interaction, three HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT recorded least weed density (0.66) and (1.00) at 35 and 55 DAT. BRRI dhan29 produced the maximum number of total tillers hill^-1(9.61), effective tillers hill^-1 (9.00), panicle length (22.10 cm), grains panicle^-1 (126.75), harvest index (47.09 %) and grain yield (4.71 t ha^-1) compared to BRRI dhan28. Three HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT resulted maximum number of total tillers hill^-1(10.50), effective tillers hill^-1 (9.40), panicle length (22.16 cm), grains panicle^-1 (118.56) and grain yield (5.39 t ha^-1). BRRI dhan29 along with three HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT recorded maximum grain yield (5.55 t ha^-1). The study suggests that conducting three rounds of HW at 15, 35 and 55 DAT could be the most efficient method for both weed management and achieving a higher grain yield in Boro rice.

Influence of Banana Production Practices and Constraints in Banana Production among Small-holder Farmers in Masaba South Sub-County, Kisii County, Kenya

Nyamwamu Nyarang’o Charles — 2024-12-16

Globally, consumption of banana (Musa spp) as fruit is due to its high nutritional and medicinal value and thus, it is considered as a powerhouse of nutrients that maintain good health. However, banana production has been influenced by various agricultural practices and faced several constraints over the years. Therefore, this study sought to establish the influence of banana production practices and constraints among small-holder banana production farmers in Masaba south sub-county, Kenya. A household survey was carried out to collect primary data. Four administrative wards were purposefully sampled for the study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and key informant interviews. Questionnaires were administered to 196 households and 5 key informants to collect data on the influence of banana production practices and constraints among farmers. Data collected was subjected to both descriptive and inferential analysis. Williams Hybrid was found to be the most popular variety with a frequency of 82.1% followed by Gros Michel at 70.4%, Apple bananas (sugar bananas) at 69.4% while Plantains and Cavendish were at 62.2% and 55.6% respectively. Majority, 87.2% of the farmers embraced pure stand production system whereas 12.9% did not embrace the system. However, 97.5% of the farmers adopted intercropping system while only 2.5% did not embrace the system. 91.8% of the farmers adopted use of tissue culture planting materials while 8.2% did not embrace them. 100% of the farmers used suckers as planting materials. Pests and diseases were the prevalent constraints in banana production, rated at 100%. Therefore, there is need to address the influence of banana production practices and constraints among farmers in Masaba South sub county through targeted interventions and policy support is essential for sustainable banana production in Kenya.

Income of Chicken KUB Business in Flores Bajawa Agricultural College

Agnes Yunita Dea — 2024-12-14

Balitbangtan's superior native chicken (KUB) is a non-racial chicken that can produce meat and eggs, egg production from KUB chickens is quite a lot can reach 50% per day. This KUB chicken is the result of research by the Livestock Research Agency-Agricultural Research and Development Agency and licensed to PT. ayam Kampung Indonesia (AKI) or more precisely obtained from the results of crossing and then widely developed. Kampung chicken business is generally cultivated by small farmers in rural areas as a side business. But in this way, the profit of farmers is very small, because the business has not led to commercial businesses. Superior local chicken business with good professional management can increase the economic value of farmers more optimally. The local chicken business can continue to be cultivated by small farmers in rural areas, although the scale of maintenance is still low. This research was conducted for approximately one month, starting in June-July 2024. The research location was at the Flores College of Agriculture in Bajawa. The college is engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. The population of poultry raised at the Flores Bajawa College of Agriculture is 600 birds. The data analyzed in this study are primary data taken directly from the research location. The income from the KUB chicken business raised at the Flores Bajawa College of Agriculture during one maintenance period received a significant profit of approximately 65%. Of course this is inseparable from good maintenance management patterns so that it has an impact on the benefits obtained. In addition, the cage / cage employees of course also pay attention to the health of KUB chickens so as to emphasize the high mortality rate of chickens.

Potential Utilization of Taro Yam as Food in Ngada District

Maria Alfonsa Ngaku — 2024-12-14

Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) is a tuberous plant called bonggol that grows underground. The high carbohydrate content of taro makes it a top choice as a staple food when looking for alternatives to rice. Taro has great potential to be processed into various food products to help prevent various nutritional problems and generate additional income for local communities. Ngada Regency is one of the districts that has its own natural strengths and is also rich in natural resources such as local food, one of which is taro yam. Quantitative research was used in this study. Data were collected in the form of secondary data or data obtained from books, journals, newspapers, statistical data and other sources. The technique used for this research study is literature study. Ngada Regency has considerable potential for taro yams. Almost all of Ngada Regency cultivates taro yams. However, taro yam processing in Ngada Regency is still quite simple, such as steaming, frying, making compote and animal feed. The people of Ngada Regency certainly have great potential in processing taro yams into industrial raw materials and materials for food needs, such as turning taro yams into taro rice and taro flour. This needs special attention from the local government in empowering the natural resources owned, to open up business potential and encourage job creation for the community, as well as MSME businesses. Ngada Regency is the third largest district on Flores Island in terms of taro yam cultivation, with 2,916 taro yams produced.

Characteristics of Steamed Brownies based on Fermented Coffee Fruit Skin by Rhizopus Oryzae

Nita Yessirita — 2024-12-11

Dry land is a landscape where water is stagnant for a long time or all the time. The use of dry land usually occurs on land, dry land, or uncultivated land. Dry land has the potential to become agricultural land, with 45% of Indonesia's territory consisting of hills and dry land, which are ideal areas for development. However, many obstacles arise in arid, dry regions. In addition to dry land, hills, or areas above ground, they have a positive impact on the agricultural system. Bajawa is a region in the Flores plateau that has a very extensive dryland area. The purpose of writing this article is to facilitate the resolution of problems or obstacles that occur in dryland and hilly areas (upland areas) with a dry climate. The method used in this research is a literature approach. (library research). Data collection in the research was conducted by reviewing and exploring several journals, books, and documents (both printed and electronic) as well as other data sources and information deemed relevant to the research or study. To support sustainable agriculture, dryland management must be sustainable. In land management, there are several issues that often arise. This includes soil fertility decline due to erosion and leaching, very steep topography, water availability, and production issues. Able to identify obstacles and determine solutions. As an alternative, one can use vegetative or mechanical soil management methods, enhance rainwater harvesting, manage water resources comprehensively, and plant drought-resistant crops.

Study of Constraints in the Management of Dry and Hilly Lands in Flores Bajawa

Anastasia H. P. Enga — 2024-12-09

Tissue Culture of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq): Techniques and Applications in Genetic Breeding

Antonia P. Bao — 2024-12-09

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has become a leading plantation crop in Indonesia because it can provide employment opportunities and contribute to the country's foreign exchange earnings. The productivity of palm oil always experiences fluctuations. Over the past four years, the highest productivity of palm oil was in 2020, amounting to 48,296.30 tons/ha. Efforts to increase palm oil productivity need to be continuously pursued considering the high consumer demand for oil. One of the efforts to increase palm oil productivity is to cultivate superior seed varieties. The type of superior seedlings can be obtained from tissue culture. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study technique. The purpose of this research is to understand the tissue culture process, the inhibiting and supporting factors of tissue culture, the advantages and disadvantages of tissue culture, and the opportunities and challenges of palm oil tissue culture. The research results show that tissue culture affects palm oil production because the seedlings produced through tissue culture have superior traits, and the supporting factors of the tissue culture technique are the type of media and the addition of appropriate growth regulators (ZPT).

Economics of Apple Production in High Density and Traditional Orchard in Manang, Nepal

Ashma Dhakal — 2024-12-09

This study was carried out in Manang district of Nepal to investigate and compare the economics of traditional and high density apple farming. Fifty farmers were selected by census survey method and interviewed with pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. While ten progressive traditional apple farmers were selected purposively. The cost of production of high density and traditional apple farming in one ropani land for single year was NRs. 48,404 and NRs.51,015 respectively. Similarly, the benefit-cost ratio for high density apple farming was found in the range of 1.8 in the 4^th year to 3.47 in the 7^th year. The study revealed that high density system was more profitable than traditional system with the satisfactory value of B:C ratio and shorter payback period (3.44 years) while it was 9.002 years for traditional system. The findings suggest that production and income can be further maximized if the problems of transportation, disease and insect pest and marketing are solved and inputs are made available in time.

Strategies to Improve Welfare: Independent Oil Palm Smallholders in Muaro Jambi Regency, Indonesia

Bambang Bayu Suseno — 2024-12-09

The present study aim to formulating a model strategy to improve the welfare of independent oil palm smallholders in Muaro Jambi Regency. Research materials was sourced from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques include observation, in-person interviews, and in-depth interviews. The object of this research is the owner farmers who directly cultivate oil palm commodities and have harvested at the time the research was conducted. The location of the research was carried out in Muaro Jambi Regency. The selection of this location was carried out deliberately (purposive), taking into account that the district is known to have a fairly large production and area of oil palm land compared to other districts. Data analyses was followed in a descriptive method and SWOT analyses. The results showed that the strategic position of oil palm farming in Muaro Jambi Regency is in quadrant I (0.74; 0.52) so that it is included in the aggressive strategy (S-O). The strategy that must be applied to quadrant I is to support aggressive growth policies (growth oriented strategy). Local governments need to consider policies in order to improve the welfare of independent oil palm farmers.

Effect of Adding Different Concentrations of Mix-Oil Solution to Drinking Water of Broiler Chickens Ross 308 and Breeders at Elevated Temperatures on Blood Biochemical Characteristics and Oxidative Enzymes at the Age of 14 Days

Nihad Mohammed Nafel — 2024-12-05

This study was conducted at Al-Anwar Poultry Station located in Babil Governorate for a period of 35 days, from 10/7/2022 to 14/8/2022, to demonstrate the effect of the mix-oil solution added to the drinking water of broiler chickens on some blood biochemical characteristics and oxidation enzymes at the age of 14. day and under conditions of heat stress, where 300 Ross308 broiler chicks were used, one day old, unsexed, and the average weight of the chicks was 40 gm. The mix-oil was added to the drinking water from the first day, as follows: T1: control treatment without addition, T2: adding 0.25 ml of mix-oil / liter of water, T3: adding 0.50 ml of mix-oil / liter of water, T4: adding 0.75 ml of mix-oil / liter of water, T5: Add 1 ml of mix-oil / liter of water. The experimental birds were exposed to periodic temperatures (28-35-28).

The most important results we obtained are summarized as follows:

A highly significant (p≤0.01) increase in the blood serum glucose concentration of the T5-treated birds compared to the control treatment. A significant increase was also observed (p≤0.01) in the concentration of total protein, albumin and globulin in the T4 treatment compared to the control treatment, while serum cholesterol was observed. The results of our experiment witnessed a "significant" rise and within the normal limits in the concentration of cholesterol for T4-treated birds on T5, T3, and T2 treatments, but it was "significantly similar" in its concentration with the T1 control treatment.
The results showed that there was a highly significant increase (p≤0.01) in the rate of triglycerides for the T4 treatment compared to "with all treatments, while high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) witnessed a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in all addition treatments compared to" control treatment.
There was a "significant" decrease (P≤ 0.01) for all addition treatments in the concentration of ALT enzyme compared to the "control treatment", while the T3 treatment had a significant (P≤ 0.01) superiority in the concentration of AST and GSH-PX enzyme compared with the control treatment, while the concentration of the enzyme CAT value decreased in all addition treatments compared to the control treatment, and the rate of MDA increased in the blood serum of T2 treatment birds compared to the control, which recorded the lowest measured rates, but it did not differ significantly with the T5 treatment in its concentration.

Effect of Mini-Doses of Compost on Maize Development and Yield at the Refugee Site in Maro in the Greater Sido Region of Chad

Touroumgaye Goalbaye — 2024-12-05

Chemical fertilizers are polluting for the environment, they are expensive and sometimes inaccessible to producers. With the arrival of refugees from the Central African Republic in Maro in southern Chad, arable land is reduced and soils have become impoverished. An alternative use of locally available organic fertilizers is possible to improve agricultural productivity. The Refugees do not have enough livestock to produce the 5 to 10 t/ha of manure that is recommended for maize cultivation. The objective of the study is to determine the minimum dose of compost that can increase corn productivity. The plant material is composed of 2009 TZEE-W-STR corn variety, with a 90-day cycle. The trial is conducted according to an experimental Fisher block design with 5 treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T0) with 4 replicates. The mini-compost doses (20 g, 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and NPK dose equivalent to 100 kg/ha) correspond respectively to the T1, T2, T3, T4 and T0 control treatments. The results revealed that T0 (16.80 cm ± 0.106) had the longest cob, T1 (14.52 cm ± 0.29) had the lowest cob length. The best biomasses were obtained on T0 (5.14 kgm-2 ± 0.098) and T4 (5.13 kgm-2 ± 0.12), while T2 and T1 recorded the low biomasses. T4 (3.02 tha-1 ± 0.035) and T3 (3.02 tha-1 ± 0.087) obtained better yields, the low yield was observed on T1 (2.33 tha-1 ± 0.055). The T0 (0.253 kg ± 0.005) recorded the best grain weight. T3 and T1 obtained the low grain weights. T2 gave the same results as T4 and T3, which are the high rates of compost and the T0 control. The T2 treatment corresponding to 40 g compost/pocket would be recommended to refugees to increase maize production.

Environmental Study and Land Suitability for Livestock Farming in Flores Bajawa

Wigberta Nai Mano — 2024-12-03

The livestock sector is classified as a subsector of agriculture that continues to develop in national development, playing a role in improving community welfare. Development in the livestock sector within the cultivation subsystem (on-farm) in Indonesia generally aims to increase livestock production and productivity. Land suitability evaluation requires environmental data and soil quality data for a specific area. The assessment of land suitability for a particular crop cultivation is conducted by identifying land characteristics, including topographic data, climate, soil conditions, and soil quality, as well as several physical environmental properties of the land to be evaluated for its suitability. The Bajawa region is very suitable for livestock farming activities. The purpose of this research is to understand the environmental study and land suitability for livestock farming in Flores Bajawa. The method used in this research is a literature review approach. (library research). The results show that the environment in Flores Bajawa is very suitable for livestock farming with a cool climate, green hills, and an abundance of available livestock feed sources. With the suitability of the farming land, it supports the agricultural efforts undertaken by the community. The suitability of the farming land can also be seen from the relatively high economy of the community in the livestock sector, which includes pigs, cattle, horses, goats, and chickens, with pigs being the dominant livestock in the Flores Bajawa region.

Temperature and pH Effects on High-Methane Biogas Production

Juliana Gomes Barreto Souza Leite — 2024-12-03

Objective: Biomass is a renewable, widely available, and economically viable energy source for use in anaerobic digestion processes to produce biogas and methane (CH₄). To harness this potential, various technologies have been improved to better reuse organic waste, such as those from the agroindustry, to generate renewable energy and also to contribute to minimizing the environmental risks caused by the improper disposal of these materials. The objective of this study was to define the best operational conditions for the production of biogas and CH₄ from the anaerobic co-digestion of bovine manure, cassava wastewater, and coffee husk.

Methods: All tests showed significant biogas production with at least 80% methane. The statistical tool of experimental design made it possible to identify an inversely proportional relationship between pH and temperature, within the conditions analyzed for these factors.

Results: Thus, it was defined that the combination of an initial pH above 9.5 and a temperature below 35 °C is capable of resulting in a biogas volume > 600 cm³ and CH₄ > 500 cm³. For example, the best experimental performance was obtained with an initial pH of 10.0 and a temperature of 30 °C, which resulted in 798.72 cm³ of biogas and 638.98 cm³ of CH₄ accumulated after 15 days of hydraulic retention time. These best experimental conditions enabled 58.53% removal of chemical oxygen demand and a final pH close to neutrality (6.3).

Conclusion: This represents good fermentation conditions for methanogenic bacteria and confirms the feasibility of using co-digestion of the three evaluated residues.

Cultivation and Processing of Cimanggu Cassava Harvest Waste at SMK Negeri I Borong, East Manggarai Regency

Anastasia H. P. Enga — 2024-12-03

Cassava is one of the agricultural crops that has been widely cultivated in the East Nusa Tenggara region. The cimanggu variety is a cassava variety that is quite tolerant to drought and can produce 80 tons/ha. Additionally, the cimanggu variety is one of the most suitable cassavas for mocaf production. The East Manggarai Regency area is one of the fertile regions in NTT suitable for cassava cultivation, especially Cimanggu cassava. This research aims to understand the cultivation techniques of Cimanggu cassava in the Borong area and the role of SMK Negeri I Borong as a region for planting Cimanggu cassava. In addition, to understand the waste processing techniques generated during the harvesting process of Cimanggu cassava. The data collection method used a qualitative approach with data collection through field observation techniques. The research results show that the cultivation of cimanggu cassava plants carried out by students of SMKN 1 Borong includes land preparation (soil loosening), preparation of cimanggu cassava seeds, planting methods, planting distance, fertilization, weeding, and harvesting. The waste from the harvest of cimanggu cassava, in the form of cassava leaves and cassava peels, is processed into fermented livestock feed for animals.

Processing Horse and Cow Manure Waste in the Production of Fertilizer and Biogas at Flores Bajawa Agricultural College

Silverius Betu — 2024-12-03

Horses and cows have long been domesticated animals in Indonesia, one of which is at the Flores Bajawa Agricultural College. Horse and cow manure, which are solid waste products generated from metabolism, can generally pollute the environment, so they need to be processed. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the utilization of horse and cow manure waste in the production of manure fertilizer and biogas. Manure is usually made from liquid or solid livestock waste mixed with food scraps, which will later function as humus. Biogas is a gas produced from organic waste such as animal and human manure stored in an airtight environment. The purpose of this research is to understand the utilization and processing of horse and cow manure waste into fertilizer and biogas. The methods used in this research are observation and experimentation. Fertilizer is made from a mixture of horse and cow manure. Meanwhile, biogas from horse and cow manure is produced with three treatments and various fermentation periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. One way to process horse and cow manure waste is to convert it into organic fertilizer and biogas. The fertilizer and biogas that have been produced are used to enrich agriculture and also as a source of fuel. The longer the fermentation time of the fertilizer and biogas, the better the nutrient content of the fertilizer and the greater the volume of gas produced in the biogas production process.

Processing Cow Manure Waste into Biogas as an Effort to Control Livestock Waste

Christianus Y. N. Bhae — 2024-12-03

Livestock waste consists of two types of waste, namely liquid and solid. Solid waste consists of animal manure and leftover animal feed, while liquid waste consists of livestock sanitation wastewater, animal urine, and barn wash water. One example of a renewable energy source that has not yet been fully utilized is organic materials, one of which is cow dung. Cow manure can be used as a basic material in the production of biogas through an anaerobic fermentation process to generate energy. The aim of this research is to use cow dung as organic waste as an alternative energy source for biogas and simultaneously reduce the environmental pollution impact of livestock waste. The research methods used were observation and experimentation to determine how to produce biogas from cow dung waste. The research results indicate that there is a high possibility that cow dung can be used as an organic raw material to produce biogas. Methane gas can be produced during the production process starting from the 16th day after fermentation and continuing until the 25th day. A longer fermentation process results in a larger gas volume, as indicated by the daily increase in digester volume.

Utilization of Polygala paniculata L. Plants as Traditional Medicine by the Community of Borani Langa Village, Ngada Regency

Umbu N. Limbu — 2024-12-03

Medical plants are types of plants that have medical benefits for humans and are commonly found in the surrounding environment and in forests. The plant Polygala paniculata L., also known as the fragrant root plant, is widely found in the Ngada Regency area. Polygala paniculata L. typically grows in yards, gardens, and along roadsides. Considering the strong relationship of the community with cultural traditions and the basic need of the community to use medicinal plants to cure various diseases, the utilization of medicinal plants in the community will continue to increase. This research aims to determine the benefits of the Polygala paniculata L. plant as a traditional medicinal plant in the yards and gardens of the Borani Langa Village community in Ngada Regency, as not many people or the community are aware of the benefits or efficacy of this plant. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The research was conducted through observation in Borani Langa Village, Ngada Regency. The results of the study indicate that the people of Borani Langa Village, Ngada Regency, are aware of the medicinal properties of the Polygala paniculata L. plant as traditional medicine. The part of the Polygala paniculata L. plant that is effective in curing certain types of diseases is the root. The Polygala paniculata L. plant is processed by boiling it with coconut oil until it reaches a boil, then cooling it down and storing it in a clean bottle. The way to utilize the Polygala paniculata L. plant is by massaging the painful area and applying it to the nose. As a traditional medicine, Polygala paniculata L. can cure diseases such as flu, pain, and muscle aches.