Phenotypic Characterization and Husbandry of Sudanese Native Chickens in South Kordofan State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/V02I08Y2023-03Abstract
Local chicken populations are an important source of food in Sudan's rural areas. However, their productivity is not well studied. This study was conducted to explore the phenotypic characterization of Sudanese chickens. A total of 201 household chicken farmers were randomly selected from South Kordofan State during the period from October to Distemper 2020. A questionnaire was used to collect data that include: the household profile, production systems, flock size and composition, management practices, and challenges facing chicken keeping. A sample of 120 adult birds (10 males and 100 females) was used for phenotypic characterization. Descriptive statistics using frequency procedure was used to analyze the qualitative traits. The results revealed that women with low education owned most of the chickens, but no housing, feed, or vaccines. Disease and harsh environment are the main factors affecting the culling of chickens. overall mean flock size (23±0.81) ranged between 10 to 55/households, and it was affected significantly (p < .05) by Sample area. all farmers keep one ecotype. most of the birds had a single comb (54.2%). The main shank and plumage colours were: white and brown, respectively. It appears that future genetic programs will focus on the traits of the dual-purpose chicken population.
References
Ahmed, S., Begum, M. and Khatun, Afia Gofur, Md.R Azad, Md TA Kabir, Aurangazeb Haque, T. S. 2021. ‘Family Poultry (FP) as a Tool for Improving Gender Equity and Women’s Empowerment in Developing Countries: Evidence from Bangladesh’, European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences. European Open Access Publishing (Europa Publishing), 3(2), pp. 37–44. doi: 10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.2.251.
Al-Jumaili AS, Boudali SF, Kebede A, Al-Bayatti SA, Essa AA, Ahbara A, Aljumaah RS, Alatiyat RM, Mwacharo JM, Bjørnstad G, Naqvi AN, Gaouar SBS, Hanotte O. 2020 .The maternal origin of indigenous domestic chicken from the Middle East, the north and the horn of Africa. BMC Genet. 14;21(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12863-020-0830-0. PMID: 32171253; PMCID: PMC7071775.
An, Prabhudeva Indresh, HC Inamdar, Basavraj Kumar, Sanjeev Manegar, A. 2022. ‘A systematic study on managemental practices and phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken in Mysore division of Karnataka state under field conditions’, The Pharma Innovation, 11(2), pp. 1609–1615.
Assefa, H. and Melesse, A. 2018. ‘Morphological and morphometric characterization of indigenous chicken populations in Sheka Zone, South Western Ethiopia’, Poultry, Fisheries & Wildlife Sciences, 6(2). doi: 10.4172/2375-446X.1000200.
Assefa, H., Melesse, A. and Research, M. T. 2019 ‘Characterization of Indigenous Chicken ProductionSystem in Sheka Zone, South Western Ethiopia’, International Journal for Research In Agricultural And Food Science, 5(2), pp. 1–16.
Birteeb, P. T. and Boakye, T. 2020 ‘Variant forms of qualitative traits of indigenous chickens reared under extensive system in Tolon District, Ghana’, Animal Production Science. CSIRO PUBLISHING, 60(5), pp. 705–712. doi: 10.1071/AN19118.
Chebo, C., Betsha, S. and Melesse, A. 2022 ‘Chicken genetic diversity, improvement strategies and impacts on egg productivity in Ethiopia: a review’, World’s Poultry Science Journal. Informa UK Limited, pp. 1–19. doi: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2067020.
FAO 2012. Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources. FAO. Edited by FAO. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome.
Habimana, R., Ngeno, K. Mahoro, J. Ntawubizi, M. and Shumbusho, F. Manzi, M. Hirwa, C. A. Okeno, T. O. Mahoro, J Ntawubizi, M. Shumbusho, F. Manzi, M. Hirwa, C. A. Okeno, T. O. 2021. ‘Morphobiometrical characteristics of indigenous chicken ecotype populations in Rwanda’, Tropical Animal Health and Production. Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 53(1). doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02475-4.
Hassan, T. G. M. L. S., Hassan, Z. M. and Mabelebele, M. 2020.‘Local Chicken Breeds of Africa: Their Description, Uses and Conservation Methods’, Animals, 10, pp. 1–18. doi: 10.3390/ani10122257.
Mahoro, J., Muasya, T. K. and Mbuza, F. Habimana, R. Kahi, A. K. 2017 ‘Characterization of indigenous chicken production systems in Rwanda’, Poultry Science. Oxford University Press, 96(12), pp. 4245–4252. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex240.
Mahoro, J., Muasya, T. K. and Mbuza, F. Mbuthia, J. Kahi, A. K. 2018. ‘Farmers’ breeding practices and traits of economic importance for indigenous chicken in RWANDA’, Tropical Animal Health and Production. Springer Netherlands, 50(1), pp. 121–128. doi: 10.1007/s11250-017-1411-8.
Odah, E., Okpanachi, U. and Daikwo, S. I. Mbap, S. T. 2019. ‘Phenotypic Characterization of Local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Bekwarra Cross River State, Nigeria.’, JSM Veterinary Medicine and Research, 2(7), pp. 1–7.
Patrick, J., Nyandebo, J. and Bagla, Victor Patrick Kanu, Saidu Muana, Abigail Rahman, Abdul Magdalene, S. 2022. ‘Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous C hickens ’ Ecotypes in Host Communities of Njala University , Sierra Leone’, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 7(3), pp. 1197–1200.
Wani, C., Yousif, I. A. and Ibrahim, ME Musa, HH Elamin, K. 2014. ‘Morphological, reproductive and productive characteristics of Sudanese native chicken’, Animal Genetic Resources, 54, pp. 33–41. doi: 10.1017/s2078633614000137.
Yousif, Ibrahim & Berima, Mohyeldein & Ishag, Ibrahim. 2015. Evaluation of Sudanese Native Chicken Production System and Major Constraints. Journal of Veterinary medicince and Animal Production. J. Vet. Med. Anim. Prod. 127-135.