Roles of Micronutrients in Organic Rice Production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/V02I08Y2023-08Keywords:
Micronutrients-Roles Organic-Rice –FarmingAbstract
The role of micronutrient in organic Rice production was investigated in Ihitte Uboma LGA using Lowa and Ikperejere Rice producing plots. Organic Rice producing paddies and non-organic Rice producing paddies in Lowa and ikperejere were sampled during and after rice harvest. The sources of organic enhancement used by the farmers were poultry droppings, cow dung and pig waste which were occasionally mixed with wood shavings. And these are sources of nutrients as well as organic matter. Two (2) rice paddies in Lowa and Ikperejere area in Ihitte Uboma L.G.A in Imo state were used. Fallow (control) soil were sampled also for comparism. Samples were randomly collected from depth of 0-30cm using spade. The micronutrient investigated were Zinc, Copper, Iron and Molybdenum. AAS was used to analyze Micronutrients and physicochemical was done routinely. Rice were harvested at maturity. The findings indicated that organic rice cultivation significantly increased the concentrations of the micronutrients (Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum and Iron(40 Zn, 36 Cu, 10 Mo and 23 Fe mgkg1) elements investigated compared with the control Zn 15, Cu 12, Mo 8 and Fe 10 Mgkg1 and non-organic paddy (13 Zn, 8 Cu, 5 Mo and 8 Fe mgkg1 respectively. In all case, the nutrient levels are not below critical micro nutrient levels at which deficiency may occur. Further findings on yield indicated that organic plots performed better with mean yield value of 740 kg per hectare compared with 639 kg yield per hectare from non-organic plot. The yield advantage could be attributed to addiction of organic matter which not only supplies nutrients in forms needed by plants but also helps in water and nutrient holding and release, create site for soil biota activities and formation of chelates for micronutrients availability to plants. The soil is of moderate fertility.
References
Adepetu, J.A. (1990). A preliminary survey of the fertility status of soils in ondo state under traditional cultivation” Ife journal of agriculture. 1: Pp 134-149.
Akinrinde, E.A. and Obigbesan, G.O 2000. Evaluation of and organic matter P. 539-579. In Page A.L led Method) of soil Analysis part 2, 2nd ed. Agronomy monogr, 9 ASA, Madeson, WT.Answers, Vol, 8, #3. Bozeman, MT montan
Bamka, R.J., Boyles, L.S., Garrison, S.A., Heckman, J. R., Hlubik, w. T., Infante, M., Kluchinski, D., Krogmann W., Lee, D.L. and Samulis, R.J. (1999). Land Application of Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) #1: Questions to ask before considering application to farmland. Rutgers cooperative Research Extention, New Jersy Agricultural Experiment Station. FS 951. 2p.
Bennett, W.F. 2003 Nutrient Deficiencies and toxicities in Biogeochemistry, Biotechnology and Boremendiation (RC Press) P. 726.421-28
Bremmer, J.M. (1996). Nitrogen Total. Sparks D.L (Ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis,parts chemical method. 2nd ed., SSSA Book Series No. 5, SSSA, Madison, WI 1085-1122.
Heanes, D.L. (1984). Determination of total organic C in soils by an improved chromic acid digestion and spectrophotometric
Jacobsen, J.S. and Jasper, C.D. (1991). Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies in Alfalfa and Wheat. EB 43, February 1991. Bozeman, MT. Montana State University Ext.
Marschner, H.J, (1995). Mineral Nutrition of Higher plants academy press. San Diego. Pierce, L.C., 1987. Vegetables Charateristerics, Product, and marketing J. Wiley and sons NY.
Mclean, E.O. (1982). Soil pH and lime requirement. In AL Page (ed) Methods of soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties. 2ed. Agronomy #9.pp.199–224. American Society of Agronomy Inc, and Soil Science Society of America Inc. Madison.
Mengel, K. and F.A. Kirkby, 1997. Principles of Plant Nutrition.4thEdn.,International Potash Institute, Bern ,Switzerland,pp:685.
Nelson, D.W and Sommes, L.E. (1982) Total organic carbon and inorganic matter. Pp. 539-579. In page A.L.(ed). Methods of soil analysis part 2, 2nd ed. Agronomy monogr .9. ASA, Madison, w1
Njana-gababo J.T. and Hamya, J.W (1986). The Nutrient Deficiencies in Alfalfa and wheat Ed 43, February 1991. Bozemain, MT Montana State University Ext.Nutrient Deficiency Toxicities in crop plants St. Paul, MN, APS Press 202p.
Nwite, J.C., S.E Obalum, C.A. Igwe and T. Wakatsuki 2011. soils in Ondo state under Traditional Cultivation” Ife Journal of Agriculture. I:Pp 134-149.
Rekasem, B. and S. Jamod, 2004. Boron deficiency in wheat: a review field crops research 89:73 -186
Snedecor, G. W. and Cochran, W.G. (1980). Statistical Methods. The Iwoa state univ. press Ames.
White, J.G, and R.J Zasoki .1999. Mapping soil micro nutrients. Field crops research. 60:11-26.
Solberg, E., I. Evans, and D. Penny (prepared by). (1999). Copper Deficiency: Diagnosis and Correction.Agdex 532-3, September. Retrieved April 7, 2003 from Alberta Agric., Food, and Rural Devpt. web site: http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agdex/500/532-3.
Van Dijk, S .and Biefait, C. 1993. Iron deficiency chlorosis in scots pine growing on acid soils. Plant soil, 153: Pp255-263.
Ward, N.I.(1995). Trace elements. In Environmental Analytical Chemistry. (Eds F.W. Fifeld, H.R.J.Blackie) p 321. Glasgow: Academic and Professional.
Westerman, R.L. (1990). Soil Testing and Plant analysis, (ed). 3rd ed. Madison, wis: Soil sci. soc. Amer. pp. 12-15.
Wisese, M.U. (2010). Wheat and other small grain. In Nutrients Deficiencies and toxicities in crop plants . St Paul ,MN.Aps press.202p
Yang, M.,L. Shi, F.S xu, J.W Cu, and Y.H Wang. 2009. Effects of B, Mo, Zn, and their interactiosn on seed yield of rapeseed (Biasics Napus L.) Pedasphere 19 (11): 53-59.
