The The Effect of Adding Different Levels of Aqueous Extract of Cloves to the Drinking Water of Broiler Chickens (Ross 308) on Blood Biochemical Characteristics and Some Indicators of Oxidative Stress

Authors

  • Haider Qassim Baqer Department of Animal production, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/V03I3Y2024-09

Keywords:

oxidative stress, broiler, plant extract, Medicinal plant

Abstract

This study was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production  College of Agriculture - University of Karbala for a period of 35 days, from 6/10/2022 to 9/11/2022, to demonstrate the effect of the aqueous extract of cloves added to the drinking water of broiler chickens on blood traits. Biochemistry and some indicators of oxidation, where 240 Ross308 broiler chicks were used, one day old, unsexed, and the average weight of the chicks was 40 gm, distributed randomly into 4 treatments and each treatment 3 replicates of 20 chicks "for each replicate, and the aqueous extract was added to the drinking water Since the first day, my agencies: T1: control treatment without addition, T2: adding 10 ml / liter of water, T3: adding 20 ml / liter of water, T4: adding 30 ml / liter of water, and the most important results that we obtained were summarized:

  • A highly significant increase (p≤ 01) in the blood serum glucose concentration of the T4 treatment compared to the control treatment. As for the T3 treatment, it excelled at the level of (p≤ 0.01) in the concentration of total protein, albumin and globulin, as well as cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, compared to the control treatment.

The results showed a highly significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) in the ALT enzyme for the T3 treatment. As for the AST enzyme, its concentration increased in the T2 treatment, which was similar to the control treatment in the significance of this enzyme. In the same results, a highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) superiority was observed in the concentration of GPX enzyme for T4, T3 treatment over T2, T1 treatments. As for the CAT enzyme, its concentration increased at a significant level (p ≤ 0.01) in T3 treatment birds, but it was significantly similar to the control treatment. As for the T4 treatment, it increased significantly in the MDA rate compared to the control treatment

References

Al-Salami, Nibras Yahya Abdullah. 2006. Study of the effect of extracts of the plant L. communis Myrtus and Allium sativum on Psedomonas aeruginosa bacteria.Outside and inside the living body. Master's thesis. College of Education for Girls. University of Kufa .

Farag, M. R., M. M. Alagawany, and K. Dhama. 2014. Antidotal effect of turmeric (curcuma longa) against endosulfan-induced cytogenotoxicity and immunotoxicity in broiler chicks. Int. J. Pharmacol. 10:429–439.

Abd El-Hack, M. E., S. A. Mahgoub, M. Alagawany, and K. Dhama. 2015. Influences of dietary supplementation of antimicrobial cold pressed oils mixture on growth performance and intestinal microflora of growing japanese quails. Int. J. Pharmacol. 11:689– 696

Boyraz, N., and M. Ozcan. 2006. Inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi by essential oil, hydrosol, ground material and extract of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) growing wild in Turkey. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 107:238–242

The writer, Youssef Muhammad. 2000. Classification of seed plants. Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing. University of Al Mosul

Merrill,R. and Perry, 2009. . T. Clove, A typical analysis. Indian Plant Journal. 2009, 1–3 .

Kamel, C. 2001. Tracing modes of action and the roles of plant extracts in non-ruminants. Pages 135–150 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. P. C. Garnsworthy, and J. Wiseman, Nottingham Univ. Press, Nottingham, U

Dragland, S., H. Senoo, K. Wake, K. Holte, and R. Blomhoff. 2003. Several culinary and medicinal herbs are important sources of dietary antioxidants. J. Nutr. 133:1286–1290

Cortés-Rojas, D. F., de Souza, C. R. F., & Oliveira, W. P. -1 (2014). Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): a precious spice. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 4(2), 90-96

NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Page 155. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC, USA

Wotton, I D P. 1964 . Microanalysis in medical biochemistry. 4th edn. G & A Churchill Ltd; London, WI: 1964

Bishop, A.L and A. Hall. 2000. Rho GTPases and their effector proteins, National Library of medicine 1;348 (Pt 2):241-55.

Henry , R.J., C. Sobel and J. Kim. 1982. Determination of uric acid. In Fundamentals of clinical Chemistry . N.W.Tietz ed. W.B. Saunders Company. London

Franey, R.J., and A. Elias. 1968 . Serum cholesterol measurement based on ethanol extraction and ferric chloride- sulfuric acid. Clinical Chem.. Acta. 21 : 255- 293

Burstein M. ; H. R. Scholnick and R. Morfin. 1970 . Rapid method for the isolation of lipoproteins from human serum by precipitation with polyanions. J Lipid Res. 1: 583-95.

Assmann .S.M,. 1993 , Signal Transduction in Guard Cells .annual reviews . 9: 345-375 .

Reitman, S. and S. Frankel. 1957. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. American journal of clinical pathology, 28(1), 56- 63.

Sedlak J, and Lindsay R.. 1968. Estimation of total protein bound and non-protein sulphydril groups in tissue with Ellman’s reagent. Anal Biochem. 25:192–205

Hadwan . M. and H. N. Abed. 2016. Data supporting the spectrophotometric method for the estimation of catalase activity University of Babylon • Department of Chemistry Professor of Biochemistry

Buege, J. A and S. D. Aust. 1978. Microsomal lipid peroxidation. In Methods in enzymology (Vol. 52, pp. 302-310). Academic press

Alcicek, A., M. Bozkurt, and M. Cabuk. 2003. The effect of an essential oil combination derived from selected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 33:89–94

Ertas, O. N., T. G¨uler, M. C¸ ift¸ci, B. Dalkili¸c, and G. Simsek. 2005. The effect of an essential oil mix derived from oregano, clove and anise on broiler performance. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 4:879–884

Jirovetz, L., G. Buchbauer, I. Stoilova, A. Stoyanova, A. Krastanov, and E. Schmidt 2006. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of clove leaf essential oil. J. Agric. Food Chem. 54:6303–6307.

Mukhtar, M. A. 2011. The effect of dietary clove oil on broiler performance. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 5:49–51.

Briozzo, J. L., J. Chirife, L. Herzage, and M. D’Aquino. 1989. Antimicrobial activity of clove oil dispersed in a concentrated sugar solution. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 66:69–75.

Venkadeswaran, K., A. R. Muralidharan, T. Annadurai, V. V. Ruban, M. Sundararajan, R. Anandhi, P. A. Thomas, and P. Geraldine. 2014. Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidative potential of an extract of the plant, Piper betle, and its active constituent, eugenol, in Triton WR1339- induced hypercholesterolemia in experimental rats. J. Evid. Based Complementary Altern. Med. 2014:478973

Velioglu, Y. S., G. Mazza, L. Gao, and B. D. Oomah. 1998. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables, and grain products. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46:4113– 4117.

Shan, B., Y. Z. Cai, M. Sun, and H. Corke. 2005. Antioxidant capacity of 26 spice extracts and characterization of their phenolic constituents. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53:7749–7759

Ito, M., K. Murakami, and M. Yoshino. 2005. Antioxidant action of eugenol compounds: role of metal ion in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Food Chem. Toxicol. 43:461–466.

Downloads

Published

2024-03-15

How to Cite

Haider Qassim Baqer. (2024). The The Effect of Adding Different Levels of Aqueous Extract of Cloves to the Drinking Water of Broiler Chickens (Ross 308) on Blood Biochemical Characteristics and Some Indicators of Oxidative Stress. International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research, 3(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/V03I3Y2024-09